HBA-ATS H.B. 2585 76(R)    BILL ANALYSIS


Office of House Bill AnalysisH.B. 2585
By: Woolley
Business & Industry
4/4/1999
Introduced



BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE 

On January 1, 1999, the "euro" became the single currency of the eleven
participating members of the European Economic and Monetary Union.  On that
date the conversion rates between the currencies of Austria, Belgium,
Finland, France, Germany, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands,
Portugal, and Spain and the euro were legally fixed.  Although these eleven
nations now have a single foreign exchange policy and a single interest
rate tied to the euro, no euro banknotes or coins are available.  This is
because the conversion to the euro will occur gradually during a three-year
transition period from January 1, 1999, to December 31, 2001.  During this
transition period, the national currencies of the participating members
continue to exist in parallel to the euro.  However, their status has
changed.  These national currencies are now temporary "denominations" or
"units" of the euro. Nevertheless, national banknotes and coins are being
used for all cash transactions.  It is expected that euro banknotes and
coins will be introduced in participating countries on January 1, 2002.
From that date until June 30, 2002, euro banknotes and coins will circulate
alongside national currency banknotes and coins.  By the end of that
period, national banknotes and coins will be withdrawn from circulation and
cease to be legal tender. 

The introduction of the euro and the three-year transition period during
which the currency will not circulate create uncertainty about existing
contracts and other instruments in which payments have been calculated
using currencies that are now temporary denominations of the euro, and soon
to be replaced by it.  For example, discrepancies between conversion and
reconversion may occur because of the use of a legally-fixed conversion
rate that may not reflect market-based exchange rates.  The fear is that
any rounding inconsistency may place one party to a contract at a
disadvantage.  Some people could rely on principles of law such as the
common law doctrines of impossibility, impracticability, and frustration of
purpose to rescind the contract.  Such rescissions could negatively impact
commerce between Texas and the participating members. 

H.B. 2585 provides that, if a subject or medium of payment of a contract,
security, or instrument is a currency that has been substituted or replaced
by the euro, the euro is a commercially reasonable substitute and
substantial equivalent. Under this bill, the euro may be used to determine
the value of that currency, or tendered, in each case at the conversion
rate specified in, and otherwise calculated in accordance with, the
regulations adopted by the Council of the European Union.  In addition,
this bill provides that the calculation or determination of the subject or
medium of payment of a contract, security, or instrument with reference to
interest rate or other basis that has been substituted or replaced due to
the introduction of the euro and that is a commercially reasonable
substitute and substantial equivalent is neither an occurrence that
discharges or excuses performance under a contract, security, or
instrument, nor a right to unilaterally alter or terminate any contract,
security, or instrument. 

RULEMAKING AUTHORITY

It is the opinion of the Office of House Bill Analysis that this bill does
not expressly delegate any additional rulemaking authority to a state
officer, department, agency, or institution. 

SECTION BY SECTION ANALYSIS

SECTION 1.  Amends Title 4, Business & Commerce Code, by adding Chapter 42,
as follows: 

 CHAPTER 42.  EUROPEAN UNION CURRENCY CONVERSION

Sec. 42.001.  SHORT TITLE.  Authorizes the citation of this chapter as the
European Union Currency Conversion Act. 

Sec. 42.002.  DEFINITIONS.  Defines "ECU," "EUR," "Euro," "euro," "European
Currency Unit," "Introduction of the euro," and "XEU." 

Sec. 42.003.  REFERENCES TO EUROPEAN CURRENCY UNIT.  Requires the
replacement of references to the ECU in a contract, security, or instrument
that also refers to that definition of the ECU with references to the euro
when the euro becomes the monetary unit of participating member states of
the European Union.  Requires that references to the ECU in a contract,
security, or instrument that does not refer to the definition of the ECU be
construed as references to the currency basket that is from time to time
used as the unit of account of the European Community, unless the contract,
security, or instrument demonstrates that the parties intended a different
construction. 

Sec. 42.004.  CONTINUITY OF CONTRACT.  (a)  Provides that, if a subject or
medium of payment of a contract, security, or instrument is a currency that
has been substituted or replaced by the euro, the euro is a commercially
reasonable substitute and substantial equivalent.  Authorizes the euro to
be used in determining the value of that currency or tendered, in each case
at the conversion rate specified in, and otherwise calculated in accordance
with, the regulations adopted by the Council of the European Union
(council). 

(b) Provides that, if a subject or medium of payment of a contract,
security, or instrument is the ECU, the euro is a commercially reasonable
substitute and substantial equivalent. Authorizes the euro to be used in
determining the value of the ECU or tendered, in each case at the
conversion rate specified in, and otherwise calculated in accordance with,
the regulations adopted by the council.  

(c) Authorizes a person to perform any of the obligations described in
Subsection (a) or (b) in the currency or currencies originally designated
in the contract, security, or instrument, if that currency or those
currencies remain legal tender, or in euros.  Prohibits a person from
performing these obligations in any other currency, whether that other
currency has been substituted or replaced by the euro or is a currency that
is considered a denomination of the euro and has a fixed conversion rate
with respect to the euro. 

(d) Sets forth that the following occurrences neither discharge nor excuse
performance under a contract, security, or instrument, nor give a party the
right to unilaterally alter or terminate any contract, security, or
instrument: 

  _the introduction of the euro;

  _the tender of euros in connection with any obligation as described in
Subsection (a) or (b); 

  _the determination of the value of any obligation as described in
Subsection (a) or (b); or 

  _the calculation or determination of the subject or medium of payment of
a contract, security, or instrument with reference to interest rate or
other basis that has been substituted or replaced due to the introduction
of the euro and that is a commercially reasonable substitute and
substantial equivalent. 

Sec. 42.005.  EFFECT OF AGREEMENTS.  Provides that this chapter does not
alter or impair an agreement between parties that specifically addresses
the introduction of the euro. 

Sec. 42.006.  APPLICATION.  Specifies that this chapter applies to all
contracts, securities, and instruments, including commercial contracts
governed by the laws of this state.  Sets  forth that this chapter prevails
to the extent of any conflict between this chapter and any other law of
this state.  Provides that, in circumstances of currency alteration, other
than the introduction of the euro, this chapter does not create any
inference or presumption regarding the validity or enforceability of
contracts, securities, or instruments denominated in whole or in part in a
currency affected by the alteration. 

SECTION 2.Emergency clause.
  Effective date: upon passage.